Computer Graphics

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                    210251: COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme
Lectures: 3 Hrs/week Theory: 100 Marks
Prerequisite: Knowledge of C Programming and Basic Data Structures &
Mathematics
Learning Objectives
1. To understand basics of computer graphics
2. To give more emphasis on implementation aspect of Computer Graphics
Algorithm.
3. To prepare the student for advance courses like multimedia / Computer Vision.
Teaching aid
Faculties should use LCD to demonstrate the concept of Graphics.

Unit I - Basic Concepts
Graphics Primitives: Introduction to computer graphics, Basics of Graphics systems,
Raster scan & random scan displays, display processor, display file structure,
algorithms and display file interpreter.
Display devices, Interactive devices: Tablets, touch panels, mouse, joysticks, track
balls, light pen etc., Data generating devices: Scanners and digitizers, primitive
operations, display file structure, algorithms and display file interpreter, Text and line
styles.
Scan conversions, lines, line segments, vectors, pixels and frame buffers, vector
generation, DDA and Bresenham’s line and circle drawing algorithms*, initialising,
thick lines, character generation: Stroke Principle, Starburst Principle, Bit map method,
display of frame buffer.
(* Scan conversion algorithms should be given mathematical treatment) (6 Hrs)

Unit II - Polygons
Introduction, representation, entering Polygons, Polygon filling: Seed fill, Edge fill,
scan conversion algorithm, filling with patterns.
Windowing and Clipping
Introduction, viewing transforms, 2D clipping, Cohen-Sutherland outcode algorithm,
Polygon Clipping, Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm, Generalized clipping. (6 Hrs)

Unit III- Geometric Transformations
2D Transformations
Introduction, matrices, Scaling, Rotation, homogeneous coordinates & matrix
representation of 2D transformation, Translation, Co-ordinate transformation, rotation
about an arbitrary point, inverse transforms and shear transforms.
3-D Transformations
Introduction, 3-D geometry, primitives, 3D transformations & matrix representation
of 2D transformation, Rotation about an arbitrary axis, Concept of parallel and
perspective projections, Viewing parameters, 3D clipping, 3D viewing
transformations. (6 Hrs)

Unit – IV
Segments
Introduction, segment table, segment creation, deletion, renaming. Image
transformations, raster techniques.
Animation
Conventional and computer based animation, Methods of Controlling Animations,
Basic guidelines of animation, Animation languages. (6 Hrs)

Unit V - Hidden Surfaces and Lines
Introduction, Back-face removal algorithm, Z buffers, scan-line, Painters algorithm,
Warnock algorithm, hidden line methods, binary space partition.
Light, Color and Shading
Introduction, Diffused illumination, point source illumination, shading algorithm,
reflections, shadows, ray tracing, Colour models and tables, shading algorithm,
transparency (6 Hrs)

Unit VI- Curves and Fractals
Introduction, Curve generation, Interpolation, interpolating algorithms, interpolating
polygons, B-Splines and corners, Bezier curves, Fractals, fractal lines and
surfaces(With complete mathematical treatment of this unit)
Interactive Graphics & usage of at least two tools of computer graphics
(3D studio, Maya, Similar tools) (6 Hrs)
Text Books:
1. S. Harrington, “Computer Graphics”, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Publications,
1987, ISBN 0 – 07 – 100472 – 6.
2. D. Rogers, “Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics”, 2nd Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Publication, 2001, ISBN 0 – 07 – 047371 – 4.

Reference Books:
1. J. Foley, V. Dam, S. Feiner, J. Hughes, “Computer Graphics Principles and
Practice”, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2003, ISBN 81 – 7808 – 038 – 9.
2. D. Hearn, M. Baker, “Computer Graphics – C Version”, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education, 2002, ISBN 81 – 7808 – 794 – 4.
3. D. Rogers, J. Adams, “Mathematical Elements for Computer Graphics”, 2nd
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Publication, 2002, ISBN 0 – 07 – 048677 – 8.
* - To be removed fro theory only to include during Practicals.